83例腹腔镜胆囊切除患者的术后护理

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除患者的术后护理。方法。回顾性分析83例腹腔镜胆囊切除的患者术后护理过程。结果：83例患者经治疗护理后均痊愈出院，平均住院5天。结论：对腹腔镜胆囊切除患者实施有效的术后护理可以减少并发症使患者痊愈。     

Stem cells and biopharmaceuticals: Vital roles in the growth of tissue-engineered small intestine

Tissue engineering currently constitutes a complex, multidisciplinary field exploring ideal sources of cells in combination with scaffolds or delivery systems in order to form a new, functional organ to replace native organ lack or loss. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality rates in children. Current therapeutic strategies consist of costly and risky allotransplants that demand lifelong immunosuppression. A promising alternative is the implantation of autologous organoid units (OU) to create a tissue-engineered small intestine (TESI). This strategy is proven to be stem cell and mesenchyme dependent. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are located at the base of the crypt and are responsible for repopulating the cycling mucosa up to the villus tip. The stem cell niche governs the biology of ISCs and, together with the rest of the epithelium, communicates with the underlying mesenchyme to sustain intestinal homeostasis. Biopharmaceuticals are broadly used in the clinic to activate or enhance known signaling pathways and may greatly contribute to the development of a full-thickness intestine by increasing mucosal surface area, improving blood supply, and determining stem cell fate. This review will focus on tissue engineering as a means of building the new small intestine, highlighting the importance of stem cells and recombinant peptide growth factors as biopharmaceuticals.     

肛瘘切开或挂线术后应用参肤皮汤治疗效果观察

目的探讨参肤皮汤对肛瘘患者术后疼痛、创面pH值及肛周细菌的影响.方法：将120例肛瘘术后患者按单双日住院分成2组,对照组予高锰酸钾溶液坐浴,治疗组予参肤皮汤口服加熏洗,分别于术后3、7、14 d评价疼痛程度和创面pH值,术后7 d进行创面细菌培养.结果：术后7 d和14 d,治疗组疼痛程度及创面pH值低于对照组（P〈 0.05）;术后7 d治疗组创面细菌培养阴性率高于对照组（P〈 0.05）.结论：参肤皮汤口服熏洗并用,能够改善肛瘘术后患者疼痛程度,降低创面pH值,提高创面细菌培养阴性率.     

瘘管切除合并内口结扎治疗肛瘘临床疗效分析(附74例报告)

目的观察瘘管切除合并内口结扎治疗肛瘘的临床疗效。方法选择74例内口在肛管齿线附近的肛瘘患者,采用将瘘管完全剥离切除,内口盲端结扎的方法手术的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 74例患者全部一次性治愈,住院时间为12~23d,完全愈合时间为22~47d。痊愈后肛门外观无缺损、移位等改变,生理功能正常。3例患者早期有少许黏液泄漏,8~10周后症状消失,肛门无失禁。结论采用瘘管切除合并内口结扎的手术方法治疗肛瘘彻底,治愈率高,疗效确切,无肛瘘再次复发。     

Prolonged electrical stimulation causes no damage to sacral nerve roots in rabbits

Previous studies have shown that, anode block electrical stimulation of the sacral nerve root can produce physiological urination and reconstruct urinary bladder function in rabbits. However, whether long-term anode block electrical stimulation causes damage to the sacral nerve root remains unclear, and needs further investigation. In this study, a complete spinal cord injury model was established in New Zealand white rabbits through T9–10 segment transection. Rabbits were given continuous electrical stimulation for a short period and then chronic stimulation for a longer period. Results showed that compared with normal rabbits, the structure of nerve cells in the anterior sacral nerve roots was unchanged in spinal cord injury rabbits after electrical stimulation. There was no significant difference in the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Experimental findings indicate that neurons in the rabbit sacral nerve roots tolerate electrical stimulation, even after long-term anode block electrical stimulation.     

Anti-Collapsing Response-Mediating Protein-5 Antibody–Positive Paraneoplastic Perioptic Neuritis without Typical Neurological Symptoms

A 68-year-old male presented with blurred vision in both eyes. Ophthalmoscopy revealed bilateral prominent disc swelling and vitritis. No systematic neurological symptoms were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral meningeal enhancement of the optic nerve. Small cell carcinoma was found, and antibodies against collapsing response-mediating protein-5 (CRMP-5) were detected in the serum. Ophthalmological manifestations disappeared during a decrease in tumour size with treatment for the malignancy. This case report describes this rare case of anti-CRMP-5 antibody–positive paraneoplastic perioptic neuritis without neurological symptoms, showing that prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of the underlying tumour are crucial to prevent increased levels of autoantibodies and irreversible damage to the nervous system.